代写论文价格-澳大利亚公司的循环经济原则。循环经济的三大原则是保护和改善自然资本，通过产品流通优化资源收益，培育制度效益。研究表明，这是通过设计和释放负面的外部性来实现的(Tukker 2015)。因此，各组织在生产商品和服务时采用这些方法将会得到广泛的好处。澳大利亚的组织可以利用现有产品产生的废物，因为副产品可以用于新产品的开发(Su et al. 2013)。这不仅将使澳大利亚公司减少对大量原材料的需求，而且将鼓励以生态方式开发产品设计，并设计具有更长的生命周期的产品。此外，通过循环经济的采用，可以体验到各种经济优势和收入的增加(Sauve et al. 2016)。它将允许更多的客户选择产品回购。然后额外的金额将被支付，产品将被组织收回。
There is wide range of schools of thought on the circular economy that is essential to be considered (Mendoza et al. 2017). Seven distinct schools of thoughts are important to be understood.
Cradle to Cradle: this concept is focused on treating waste as an input and enhancing the use of the renewable energy. Hence, this is performed with the consideration to the diversity across the populations.
Performance economy on the other hand focuses on the extension of product life, long life goods and activities of the recondition and prevention of waste. Moreover, this school of thought concentrates upon the sales of services instead of products as a functional service economy that is known as performance economy (Lieder & Rashid 2016). This means that circular economy can be considered as a framework on which various approaches can be developed.
Biomimicry is a new discipline which undertakes study of the best ideas presented by the nature of the earth. These designs are imitated for the purpose of addressing human problems (Ghisellini et al. 2016). For an instance, research on leaf can allow invention of the improved solar cell. Hence, the innovation is drawn from nature. Nature is considered to be the model, measure and mentor.
Industrial ecology implies study of the energy flows and material across the systems of industrial nature (George et al. 2015). Hence, this maintains the focus on preventing the by-product and developing closed loop operations wherein the waste can function as input.
Natural capitalism indicates the natural assets including air, water, and soil among more elements. This school of thought is directed to improve the natural resources productivity, moving towards the models and materials of production that are biologically inspired (Bocken et al. 2016). Shift towards the service and flow model in businesses and reinvestment within the natural capital are suggested.
The blue economy suggests generating a new cash flow with the use of waste from one product as an input.
Regenerative design focuses on such designs that can be applied to all domains exceeding the agriculture.
Potential of circular economy model for Australian organizations
There are three principles of circular economy which is preserving and improving the natural capital, optimization of the resource yields through the products circulations and the system effectiveness fostering. The research has indicates that this takes place through designing and releasing the externalities that are negative (Tukker 2015). Therefore a wide range of benefits is offered to the organizations to adopt these approaches for the production of goods and services.
The Australian organizations can leverage the waste produced by the present productions because the by-products can be utilized for the development of new product (Su et al. 2013). This will not only allow the Australian firms to reduce the need for high amount of raw material but also will encourage product design to be developed in an ecological manner and designing products with longer lifecycle. Moreover, various economic advantages and increments in revenue will be experienced through the adoption of circular economy (Sauvé et al. 2016). It will allow more customers to opt for product buybacks. And then additional amount will be paid and the products will be received back by the organizations.
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