essay 代寫：PCL 300-40的合成
PCL的合成是通過開環的環狀單體-己內酰胺聚合得到的(Zhang et al. 2009)。催化劑的使用，如辛酸亞錫是用來催化聚合和已知的低分子量酒精是用來控制聚合物的分子量。PCL聚合的機理有很多(Chao et al. 2008)。這些是陰離子，配位離子和自由基離子。研究發現，這些方法會影響分子質量、分子分佈和端基組成(Wang et al. 2008)。PCL被發現是一種半結晶聚合物。PCL化合物的平均分子量在3000至80000 g/mol之間。PCL在室溫下可溶於四氯化碳、苯、環己烷(Hoskins and Grayson 2009)。它們在丙酮、乙酸乙酯和乙腈中的溶解度也較低(Boduch-Lee et al. 2004)。它被發現不溶於酒精或石油醚(Korich et al. 2010)。PCL與許多其他聚合物混合用於抗裂(Li et al. 2014)。除此之外，與丙酸纖維素、聚乳酸、聚乳酸-乙醇酸等聚合物結合使用，增加微膠囊藥物釋放的吸收率(Kim and Kim 2008)。PCL與其他聚合物的相容性取決於相互競爭的傳遞體系的滲透率之比(Coulembier et al. 2006)。PCL共聚物是由PVC、二乙醇內酯、戊內酯等多種單體共聚而成(YongKweon et al. 2003)。研究了許多可降解聚合物的物理和力學性能。
essay 代寫：PCL 300-40的合成
PCL的應用(特別是在生物材料方面)與發展。700 – 800字。
聚己內酯(PCL)存在於半塔林聚酯中，其有機溶劑溶解度有許多用途(Chen, al. 2000)。體內降解速率和藥物滲透性都很低。Capronor被用作一種商業避孕藥，用於左炔諾孕酮的分娩(Barikani和Mohammadi 2007)。這已經在市場上使用超過25年(Harrane和Belbachir 2007)。目前已經進行了許多研究來解決微和納米尺度的藥物傳遞(Ikada和Tsuji 2000)。降解率是PCL在更大範圍內使用的一個問題(Sahoo等，2007)。PCL的組織工程意義是多方面的。它具有較低的抗拉強度和較高的伸長率(Lendleinand和Behl 2008)。它被認爲是一種良好的彈性生物材料。PCL允許支架形成並粘附在微球、電子纖維上(Ulery et al. 2011)。研究發現，該方法可以通過波羅貢浸出形成的多孔網絡發揮作用(Tessmar和Gopferich 2007)。PCL複合材料廣泛應用於各種組織工程中。尤其用於韌帶、骨骼、皮膚甚至血管組織再生的支架工程(Ravi和Chaikof 2010)。PCL複合支架的最新進展是基於界面組織工程(Hutmacher和Teoh 2001)。有許多支架區域植入了從韌帶或軟骨來源獲得的適當細胞(Ifkovits和Burdick 2007)。有許多複雜的組織，如界面的骨-韌帶界面被發現是再生。
粘連是外科手術，尤其是創傷手術後的一種不需要但不可避免的後果。在醫療系統中有很多研究致力於解決這個問題(Ghasemi-Mobarakeh 2008)。PCL膜用於減少術後腹壁模型中發現的腹腔粘連(Vasita和Katti 2006)。製作方法也很容易執行。目前，在動物實驗中，已經發現PCL膜比Seprafilm具有更少的粘連(Wan et al. 2009)。PCL在減少腹部粘連的形成方面具有巨大的潛力。這一潛能已在大鼠腹部模型中得到證實(張等，2007)。
essay 代寫：PCL 300-40的合成
The synthesize of the PCL is found by the ring-opening of the polymerization of the cyclic monomer- caprolactone ( Zhang et al. 2009). The use of catalysts such as stannous octoate is used to catalyze the polymerization and is known to have the low molecular weight alcohol which is used to control the molecular weight of the polymers. There are many mechanisms that are used for the polymerization of the PCL (Chao et al. 2008). These are the anionic, co-ordination and radical ions. The methods are found to affect the molecular weight, distribution of the molecules and the end group composition (Wang et al. 2008). The PCL is found to be a semi-crystalline polymer. The average molecular weight of the PCL compound is found to vary between 3000 to 80000 g/mol. The PCL is soluble in the carbon tetrachloride, benzene, cyclohexane in room temperature (Hoskins and Grayson 2009). They are also found to have lower solubility in the acetone, ethyl acetate, acetonitrile (Boduch-Lee et al. 2004). It is found to be insoluble in alcohol or petroleum ether (Korich et al. 2010). PCL is blended with a number of other polymers to crack resistance (Li et al. 2014). Apart from this, the adhesion is used in the combination with the other polymers such as cellulose propionate, polylactic acid, polylactic acid-co-glycolic acid to increase the rate of absorption of the drug release from the microcapsules (Kim and Kim 2008). This compatibility of the PCL with the other polymers depends on the ratio of the permeability of the delivery systems in contention (Coulembier et al. 2006). Copolymers of the PCL is developed using many of the monomers of PVC, diglycolide, valerlactone to name a few (YongKweon et al. 2003). The physical and the mechanical properties of many of the degradable polymers are used and have been investigated.
essay 代寫：PCL 300-40的合成
Applications of PCL (especially in biomaterial) and development. 700-800 words.
Polycaprolactone (PCL) is found in semicrytalline polyester and its organic solvent solubiloty has numerous uses (Chen at al. 2000). The in vivo degradation rate and the drug permeability is found to be very low. The Capronor is used as a commercial contraceptive that is used for the delivery of the levonorgestrel (Barikani and Mohammadi 2007). This has been in use for more than 25 years in the market (Harrane and Belbachir 2007). There are a number of researches that have been undertaken in the current times to address the micro and the nano sized drug delivery (Ikada and Tsuji 2000). The degradtauon rate is an issue for the PCL to be used in a wider scale (Sahoo et al. 2007). The tissue engineering implication of the PCL is found to be numerous. It has low tensile strength and is found to have higher elongation (Lendleinand and Behl 2008). It is considered to be a good elastic biomaterial. The PCL allows for the scaffolds to be formed and is adhered to the microspheres, electron fibers (Ulery et al. 2011). It is found to work through the porous networks that are created by the porogon leaching (Tessmar and Göpferich 2007). The PCL composite is widely in use in various tissue engineering. It is particularly used in the engineering of the scaffold for the regeneration of the ligament, bones or skin or even the vascular tissues (Ravi and Chaikof 2010). The recent advancement of the PCL hybrid scaffold is based on the interfacial tissue engineering (Hutmacher and Teoh 2001). There are many scaffold regions that are seeded with the appropriate cells that have been harvested from the ligament or the cartilage sources (Ifkovits and Burdick 2007). There are many complex tissue like interfaced where the bone-ligament interface is found to be regenerated.
Adhesions are found to be an unwanted but unavoidable consequence of the surgery esp. after trauma surgery. There are a lot of researches that are undertaken to address this issue in the healthcare system (Ghasemi-Mobarakeh 2008). The PCL films served to reduce the postoperative abdominal adhesions that are found in the abdominal wall model (Vasita and Katti 2006). The fabrication method is also easy to perform. Currently, in the animal studies, it has been found that the PCL films have fewer adhesions than the Seprafilm that is used (Wan et al. 2009). This uses that the PCL has immense potential to reduce the formation of abdominal adhesions. This potential has been proven in the rat abdominal model (Cheung et al. 2007)
